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HMS ''Captain'' was a 74-gun third-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched on 26 November 1787 at Limehouse. She served during the French revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars before being placed in harbour service in 1799. An accident caused her to burn and founder in 1813. Later that year she was raised and broken up. ==French Revolutionary Wars== At the start of the French Revolutionary War, she was part of the Mediterranean fleet which occupied Toulon at the invitation of the Royalists in 1793 before being driven out by Revolutionary troops in an action where Napoleon Bonaparte made his name. During this operation ''Captain'' was deployed in the Raid on Genoa. In June 1796, Admiral Sir John Jervis transferred Captain Horatio Nelson from into ''Captain''. Jervis appointed Nelson commodore of a squadron that was first deployed off Livorno during Napoleon's march through northern Italy. In September 1796, Gilbert Elliot, the British viceroy of the Anglo-Corsican Kingdom, decided that it was necessary to clear out Capraja, which belonged to the Genoese and which served as a base for privateers. He sent Nelson, in ''Captain'', together with the transport , ''Vanneau'', the cutter ''Rose'', and troops of the 51st Regiment of Foot to accomplish this task in September. On their way, joined them. The troops landed on 18 September and the island surrendered immediately. Later that month Nelson oversaw the British withdrawal from Corsica. In February 1797, Nelson had rejoined Jervis's fleet 25 miles west of Cape St. Vincent at the southwest tip of Portugal, just before it intercepted a Spanish fleet on 14 February. The Battle of Cape St Vincent made both Jervis's and Nelson's names. Jervis was made Earl St Vincent and Nelson was knighted for his initiative and daring. Nelson had realised that the leading Spanish ships were escaping and wore ''Captain'' to break out of the line of battle to attack the much larger Spanish ships. ''Captain'' exchanged fire with the Spanish flagship, ''Santísima Trinidad'', which mounted 136 guns on four decks. Later ''Captain'' closely engaged the 80-gun ''San Nicolas'', when the Spanish ship was disabled by a broadside from ''Excellent'' and ran into another ship, the ''San Josef'' of 112-guns. With ''Captain'' hardly manoeuvrable, Nelson ran his ship alongside ''San Nicolas'', which he boarded. Nelson was preparing to order his men to board ''San Josef'' next when she signalled her intent to surrender. The boarding of ''San Nicolas'', which resulted in the taking of the two larger ships was later immortalised as 'Nelson's Patent Bridge for capturing first rates.' ''Captain'' was the most severely damaged of the British ships as she was in the thick of the action for longer than any other ship. She returned to service following repairs and on 6 May 1799 sailed for the Mediterranean, where she joined Captain John Markham's squadron. After the Battle of Alexandria, the squadron under Contre-Admiral Jean-Baptiste Perrée, consisting of the 40-gun ''Junon'', 36-gun ''Alceste'', 32-gun ''Courageuse'', 18-gun ''Salamine'' and the brig ''Alerte'' escaped to Genoa.〔Roche (2005).〕 On 17 June 1799 the French squadron, still under Perrée, was en route from Jaffa for Toulon when it encountered the British squadron under Markham in .〔 In the ensuing Action of 18 June 1799, the British captured the entire French squadron, with ''Captain'' capturing ''Alerte''. Markham described ''Alerte'' as a brig of 14 guns and 120 men, under the command of Lieutenant Dumay. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「HMS Captain (1787)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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